Let’s summarize what you’ve learned about Japanese candlesticks:

• If the close is above the open, then a hollow candlestick (usually displayed as white) is drawn.

• If the close is below the open, then a filled candlestick (usually displayed as black) is drawn.

• The hollow or filled section of the candlestick is called the “real body” or body.

• The thin lines poking above and below the body display the high/low range and are called shadows.

• The top of the upper shadow is the “high”.

• The bottom of the lower shadow is the “low”.

Long bodies indicate strong buying or selling. The longer the body is, the more intense the buying or selling pressure.

Short bodies imply very little buying or selling activity. In street forex lingo, bulls mean buyers and bears mean sellers.

Upper shadows signify the session high.

Lower shadows signify the session low.

There are many types of Japanese candlestick patterns, but they can be categorized into how many bars make up the candlestick pattern.

There are single, dual, and triple candlestick formations.

The most common types of Japanese candlestick patterns are the following:

Just refer to the Japanese Candlesticks Cheat Sheet for a quick reference on what these candlestick patterns mean.

Combine candlestick analysis with support and resistance levels for the best results.

And finally, here are some words of wisdom:

Just because Japanese candlesticks hint at a reversal or continuation, it doesn’t mean it will happen for sure! You must always consider market conditions and what price action is telling you.

This is the forex market and nothing is set in stone!